Inter-Religious Relations and Methodologi Issues
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Every religion teaches its followers to live peacefully and harmoniously with others, both the same and different religion followers. However, the fact shows that relations among religious people are often to be problematical. This is not only because of differences between religions in doctrines and practices but also because of different interpretations (sects) and organizations. This religious conflict obviously will harm the religious people themselves. As humanity, religious people want to live together harmoniously with others, both fellow religion, and different religions, because they live on the same earth. This article will discuss how are the inter-religious relationships related to methodological problems in the field of religious studies. Methodologically, Comparative Religion that developed in the early time it studied religions from a theological perspective that is looking at the other religions from their own. So, what happened was the pokrol bambu attitude, raising his religion and demeaning on another. This method is not good for students who study religions, particularly for Indonesians who are multi-religious, because it will only look at his/her religion as superior whereas another as inferior. Wilfred Cantwell Smith, on the other hand, offers a method that is personalizing religion as a way of studying religions. Religion should not be seen only as a set of fixed doctrines and ready-made. The problem of religion is essentially a human problem in which the adherents of each religion always understand, experience and realize their religious beliefs and practices in daily life. Therefore, religion is always new every day. This method or approach requires students to study other religions through the perspective of the people who embraced it, so that, biased interpretation can be avoided. This method requires students to come and have a dialogue with the religious followers concerned.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Abdullah, Taufiq. (1989). ‘Agama Sebagai Kekuatan Sosial’ in Taufiq Abdullah and M. Rusli Karim, (eds.), Metodologi Penelitian Agama: Sebuah Pengantar, Yogyakarta, Tiara Wacana, cet. 1.
___________________ dan M. Rusli Karim, (eds.), (1989). Metodologi Penelitian Agama: Sebuah Pengantar, Yogyakarta, Tiara Wacana, cet. 1.
Ali, Mukti. (1988). Ilmu Perbandingan Agama di Indonesia, Yogyakarta, IAIN Sunan Kali Djaga.
___________, (1970). Ilmu Perbandingan Agama: Sebuah Pembahasan Tentang Methodos dan Sistima, Jogjakarta, Yayasan Nida.
Bouquet, A.C. (1951). Comparative Religion, Middlesex, Penguin Books.
Chumaidy, Farichin. (1992). ‘Ilmu Perbandingan Agama dan Hubungannya Dengan Sosiologi Agama dan Sejarah Agama’ in Burhanuddin Daya and Herman Leonard Beck, (eds.), Ilmu Perbandingan Agama di Indonesia dan Belanda, Jkt, INIS.
Daya, Burhanuddin and Herman Leonard Beck (eds.). (1992). Ilmu Perbandingan Agama di Indonesia dan Belanda, Jkt, INIS.
Eliade, Mircea. (1979). Patterns in Comparative Religion, London, Sheed and Ward, 4th ed.
________________, and Joseph M. Kitagawa, (eds.). (1973). The History of Religions: Essays in Methodology, London, The University of Chicago Press, 6th imp.
Herman L. Beck. (1992). ‘Ilmu Perbandingan Agama dan Fenomenologi Agama: Mencari Intisari Agama?’ in Burhanuddin Daya and Herman Leonard Beck, (eds.), Ilmu Perbandingan Agama di Indonesia dan Belanda, Jkt, INIS.
Kitagawa, Joseph M.. (1973). ‘The History of Religions in America’ in Mircea Eliade and Joseph M. Kitagawa, (eds.), The History of Religions: Essays in Methodology, London, The University of Chicago Press, 6th imp.
_______________________, et. al, (eds.). (1974). The History of Religions: Essays on the Problem of Understanding, London, The University of Chicago Press, 3rd imp.
Ludjito, A. (1982). ‘Mengapa Penelitian Agama?’ in Mulyanto Sumardi, (ed.), Penelitian Agama: Masalah dan Pemikiran, Jakarta, Balitbang Depag RI, cet. 1.
Mattulada. (1989). ‘Studi Islam Kontemporer’ in Taufiq Abdullah dan M. Rusli Karim, (eds.), Metodologi Penelitian Agama: Sebuah Pengantar, Yogyakarta, Tiara Wacana, cet. 1.
____________, (1982). ‘Penelitian Berbagai Aspek Keagamaan Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat dan Kebudayaan di Indonesia’, in Mulyanto Sumardi, (ed.), Penelitian Agama: Masalah dan Pemikiran, Jakarta, Balitbang Depag RI, cet. 1.
Nasution, Harun, (1981/1982). ‘Agama Sebagai Sasaran Penelitian’ in Parsudi Suparlan, (peny.), Pengetahuan Budaya, Ilmu-ilmu Sosial dan Pengkajian Masalah-masalah Agama, Jakarta, Puslitbang Lektur Agama Badan Litbang Depag RI.
___________________, Saresehan Pengembangan Perguruan Tinggi Agama Islam Pada IAIN/PTAIS di IAIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung (26-27 Rabiul Tsani 1416 H./22-23 September 1995 M.).
Noer, Deliar, (1982). ‘Diperlukan Pendekatan Bukan Barat terhadap Kajian Masyarakat Indonesia’ in Mulyanto Sumardi, (ed.), Penelitian Agama: Masalah dan Pemikiran, Jakarta, Balitbang Depag RI, cet. 1.
Rahardjo, M. Dawam. (1989). ‘Pendekatan Ilmiah Terhadap Fenomena Keagamaan’ in Taufiq Abdullah dan M. Rusli Karim, (eds.), Metodologi Penelitian Agama: Sebuah Pengantar, Yogyakarta, Tiara Wacana, cet. 1.
Sharpe, Eric J. (1992). Comparative Religion: A History, London, Duckworth, 2nd imp.
Sidjabat, (1982). ‘Penelitian Agama: Pendekatan Ilmu Agama’, in Mulaynto Sumardi, (ed.), Penelitian Agama: Masalah dan Pemikiran, Jakarta, Balitbang Depag RI, cet. 1.
Smart, Ninian. (1976). The Religious Experience of Mankind, Glasgow, The Fontana Library paperback edition.
____________, (1989). The World Religions: Old Traditions and Modern Transformations, Cambridge University Press.
Smith, Wilfred Cantwell. (1973). ‘Comparative Religion: Whither and Why?’ in Mircea Eliade and Joseph M. Kitagawa, (eds.), The History of Religions: Essays in Methodology, London, The University of Chicago Press, 6th imp.
Sumardi, Mulyanto, (ed.). (1982). Penelitian Agama: Masalah dan Pemikiran, Jakarta, Balitbang Depag RI, cet. 1.
Suparlan, Parsudi, (peny.). (1981/1982). Pengetahuan Budaya, Ilmu-ilmu Sosial dan Pengkajian Masalah-masalah Agama, Jakarta, Puslitbang Lektur Agama Badan Litbang Depag RI.
Wach, Joachim. (1958). The Comparative Studi of religions, edited with an Introduction by Joseph M. Kitagawa, London, Columbia University Press.